Cuba, a sovereign socialist country, has been investing ample money and resources to nearly eliminate aedes aegypti, the mosquito that carries zika, dengue and chikungunya. The island has been endemic for dengue viruses denv and recently suffered epidemics of chikungunya chikv 2014. There has not been a locally acquired case in hawaii to date. Chikungunya virus iris paho home pan american health. Alvarado li, lorenzi od, torresvelasquez bc, et al. Due to the ease with which its vectors propagate, the virus has spread to india and europe, and more recently it arrived to the caribbean, eventually extending into north, central, and south america. Dec 04, 2014 the first chikungunya case in puerto rico was reported in may. Puerto rico s health department released figures from last month showing 401 confirmed cases of chikungunya and 2006 suspected cases on the island. Historically, other arbovirus outbreaks reported from puerto rico have an increased number of cases in the late summer and fall august to september, which are the hottest and wettest months of the year in pr sharp et al. High incidence of chikungunya virus and frequency of viremic. Pdf excess mortality and causes associated with chikungunya.
The virus was first isolated in 1953, and likely first arose during the 1700s. To the editorclinical manifestations of zika, dengue, and chikungunya infec. Chikungunya is a viral infection caused by the chik virus belonging to the togaviridae family. Surveillance for chikungunya and dengue during the first year. Cases of zika virus disease n 683, dengue n 110, and chikungunya n 61 by week of onset of patient s illness puerto rico, november 1, 2015april 14, 2016 3966.
You can read it by clicking on espanol at the top right of your screen. Surveillance for chikungunya and dengue during the first. Puerto rican health officials declared thursday an epidemic of chikungunya, a mosquitoborne virus that has shown up in more than 200 confirmed cases across the island as of late last month. Distinguishing patients with laboratoryconfirmed chikungunya from dengue and other acute febrile illnesses, puerto rico, 20122015. The puerto rico department of health, in conjunction with the cdc dengue branch, implemented a passive chikungunya surveillance system pcss based on a passive dengue surveillance system pdss in existence since the 1960s. Chikungunya fever rampant in puerto rico cbs miami. Were visiting next month and would like to know if there is still chikungunya on the island. Facial puffiness in a returning traveler from puerto rico. He did note, however, that other mosquitoborne viruses, such as dengue fever and chikungunya, did not have a great impact on tourism, which accounts for about 10 percent of puerto rico. As for the united states, paho listed 380 imported cases, or 18 fewer than the 398 reported by the centers for. Significant local transmission has been reported in puerto rico and the u. Chikungunya is an arbovirus common to tropical regions of africa and asia. Pdf high incidence of chikungunya virus and frequency of. Official surveillance reported 28,327 suspected chikungunya cases, of which 4,339 were laboratoryconfirmed.
Unfortunately, zika is just one of the islands many problems. Chikungunya cases identified through passive surveillance. Chikungunya fever chikf is a reemerging mosquitoborne disease caused by a virus endemic to africa and asia. Excess mortality and causes associated with chikungunya. In 2016, a total of 181 chikungunya virus disease cases with illness onset in 2016 have been reported to arbonet from u. Genomic assays for identification of chikungunya virus in. In puerto rico, the chikungunya epidemic began in may 2014 as the first occurrence of the virus in the country 3. Chikungunya fever chik is an emerging, mosquitoborne disease caused by an.
Areas close to the united states and canada have reported cases, puerto rico has 121 locally transmitted cases, and the u. Apr 03, 2016 the caribbean countries of puerto rico and cuba, both located near the zika hot zone, have similar peoples and climates but a very different relationship to the zika crisis. The original version of this article is in spanish. Just a few months later, cases are greatly diminished, but the virus is still around but chances of acquiring it are very low.
After chikungunya virus chikv transmission was detected in puerto rico in. On july 17, 2014, the cdc reported the first locally transmitted case of chikungunya in florida, in a male who hadnt traveled outside the united states. Chikungunya ppt presentation a powerpoint presentation include brief description about entire disease condition. Puerto rico announces epidemic of mosquitoborne virus. The first chikungunya case in puerto rico was reported in may. A new emerging disease of great impact in the public health.
Aug 17, 2016 chikungunya has been declared an epidemic in puerto rico. Until recently chikungunya was considered a nonlethal disease, but severe forms and deaths have been described since an epidemic on reunion island during 20052006. Data published by the puerto rico department of health and reproduced by pahowho1 first autochthonous vectorborne cases. The virus is transmitted through the bite of infected daytime biting female primarily aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Global expansion of chikungunya virus international journal of. Plan for chikungunya virus introduction in the caribbean subregion prepared by a group of international experts and health professionals at the chikungunya caribbean subregional meeting in kingston, jamaica 2012. Cdc reports that by august 2014, more than 10,000 cases of chikungunya had been reported. Chikungunya virus chikv is a mosquitotransmitted alphavirus that is emerging as a global. Preparedness and response plan for chikungunya virus. Chikungunya has been declared an epidemic in puerto rico. Pdf during 20142015, a total of 31 deaths were associated with the first chikungunya epidemic in puerto rico. Also, id appreciate any reports about the dengue this season from anyone in puerto rico. Chikungunya fever is an emerging disease that has spread explosively from africa to the islands of the indian ocean, india, southeast asia, europe, and, more. Chikungunya virus chikv caused large epidemics throughout the caribbean in 2014.
Chikungunya cases identified through passive surveillance and. High incidence of chikungunya virus and frequency of viremic blood donations during epidemic, puerto rico, usa, 2014. It is spread to humans by aedes mosquitoes primarily aedes aegypti that breed in stagnant water. Since then, health officials there have diagnosed more than 10,000, according to a report released thursday by the centers for.
Of 28 327 cases reported via passive surveillance, 6472 were tested for evidence of chikv infection, and results for 4399 68% were positive. In puerto rico, the chikungunya epidemic began in may 2014 as the first occurrence of the virus in the country. Chikungunya has sickened more than 10,000 in puerto rico. High incidence of chikungunya virus and frequency of. Individual blood donations tested for chikungunya virus by nucleic acid amplification testing and serologic analysis during a chikungunya epidemic, puerto rico, usa, 2014 we performed assays to detect igm and igg in the 56 idnaatreactive specimens to characterize the relationship between development of igg and igm, viral load, and the.
Chikungunya cases hit nearly 200 in puerto rico, 2 in florida. T o the e ditor clinical manifestations of zika, dengue, and chikungunya infections have many features in common. Chikungunya outpacing dengue fever cases in puerto rico. Chikungunya cases hit nearly 200 in puerto rico, 2 in florida health authorities friday reported nearly 200 confirmed cases of the chikungunya virus in puerto rico. Puerto rico was severely impacted by hurricanes irma and maria in september 2017. Caribbean chikungunya cases climb 8%, top 500,000 cidrap. Countries and territories where chikungunya cases have been. Pdf surveillance for chikungunya and dengue during the first. The numbers of confirmed and imported cases stayed the same at 215 and 17, respectively. Jul 18, 2014 chikungunya cases hit nearly 200 in puerto rico, 2 in florida health authorities friday reported nearly 200 confirmed cases of the chikungunya virus in puerto rico and the first two cases of the. Puerto rico and dominican republic will test chikungunya vaccine. There have been several local introductions of chikungunya into florida in 2014.
The first zika cases in puerto rico were detected in humacao, on the. Last year, the first cases of chikungunya were found on this side of the atlantic. Confirmed chikungunya, dengue, and zika cases by epidemiological week ew. Chikungunya dengue situation san juan forum tripadvisor. Not tested negative positive jan feb mar apr may jun jul aug. Health secretary ana rius said the majority of those cases were reported in the capital of san juan and nearby areas. We conducted nucleic acid amplification testing naat for chikv rna n 29,695 and serologic testing for igg against chikv n 1,232 in archived blood donor samples collected during and after an epidemic in puerto rico in 2014. Chikungunya fever is an emerging disease that has spread explosively from africa to the islands of the indian ocean, india, southeast asia, europe, and, more recently, to the americas, where it arrived via the caribbean islands causing a major epidemic. Fue abetos aislados en humanos en 1952 en tanzania. By may, there were several cases reported in puerto rico and, from there, the virus moved to florida. This compares to the approximately 5,000 suspected and. Puerto rico has more reported cases of zika than many other places in the region, and the number of cases continues to rise.
Chikungunya virus infection has recently appeared in such places as india, sri lanka, mauritius, and other countries in europe involved in frequent tourism to these. Official surveillance reported 28,327 suspected chikungunya. Zikaepidemiological report puerto rico 25 september 2017 figure 1. Among the symptoms cause by this virus, transmitted by a mosquito bite, are muscle and joint pain, fever, and skin rash, among others. Suspected travelassociated and locally acquired chikungunya cases were reported via the pcss beginning in january 2014. Health officials from puerto rico have reported that over 20,000 cases have been diagnosed in their area, though only five of those cases have been fatal. A newly developed transcriptionmediated amplification assay was used to detect chikungunya virus infection in 3 of 557 asymptomatic donors 0. Surveillance for chikungunya and dengue during the first year of. The remaining case occurred in a traveler returning from other affected areas. Preparedness and response plan for chikungunya virus introduction in the caribbean subregion photo.
Prevalence of anti dengue immunoglobulin g antibodies among american red cross blood donors in puerto rico, 2006. We report a case of zika virus infection in a traveler returning from puerto rico, with fever, rash, myalgiasarthralgias initially thought to be dengue fever because of her facial puffiness and palatal petechiae. Using twitter to model the 2014 outbreak of chikungunya fever in puerto rico. The first identified chikungunya case with positive results of laboratory tests had illness onset on 5 may 2014, did not report recent travel outside of puerto rico, and was a resident of the san juan metropolitan area. Chikungunya fever in puerto rico the harvard community has made this article openly available. Puerto rico reported 390 new suspected cases for a total of 1,033.